SAS一些有用的语句
今天本想继续介绍 summary过程的,但是发现别人整理的比我更好,于是周末再更,好好整理一下描述性统计分析及评分卡建模,今天给大家介绍一些sas有用的语句吧。
1.如果在同一程序中需要多次调用print语句,用%str可以节省程序书写;
%let print=%str(proc print data=sashelp.class;run;);
&print;
2.查看变量类型;
data a;
set sashelp.class;
w=vtype(age);
run;
3.结构查询语言;
select语句用来检索数据(order从句,format选项) ;
create语句创建表格;
update语句增加或修改表格中列的数值(insert和delete语句插入和删除行,用alter语句增加、修改、删去列)
例子:
data employee;
input empname $ empcity $ empyears emptitle $ sales;
cards;
aa beijing 3 engineer 2300
bb shangqiu 2 teacher 3000
cc changsha 32 worker 4000
dd changsha 20 salesrep 1000
;
proc sql;
create table changsha as /*对表格的操作*/
select empname,
empcity,
empyears format=yymmdd8.,/*对表格列的操作*/
sales*2 as totalsales,
/*count(empyears) as count_emp,*//*计算by排序文件的观测数、均值(avg)*/
/*10*(sales-empyears) as total,*//*有效的表达式*/
emptitle
from employee
where empcity='changsha'
order by empyears asc; /*asc升序,desc降序*/
alter table changsha add gender char(1);/*对表格列的操作,添加性别变量,相似modify,drop*/
update changsha/*对表格值的操作:赋值*/
set gender='f'
where empname in ('aa','cc');
update changsha
set gender='m'
where gender is missing;
insert into changsha /*对表格行的操作,插入一条观测*/
values('ff', 'changsha',10, 8000,'teacher','m');
delete from changsha /*对表格行的操作*/
where empyears>20;
quit;
proc print data=changsha;
run;
4.计算行数;
%let dsid=%sysfunc(open(sashelp.class,i));
%let n=%sysfunc(attrn(&dsid,nobs));
%let rc=%sysfunc(close(&dsid));
%put obsnum=&n;
5.scan()用法:
data a;
arg='ABC.DEF(X=Y)';
word=scan(arg,-3);
/*put word;*/
run;
data c;
arg='ABC.DEF(X=Y)';
word=scan(arg,-20);
put word;
run;
data d;
input Arr $ & 22.;
ArrivalGate=scan(Arr,1,' ');
DepartureGate = scan(Arr,2,' ');
put DepartureGate ArrivalGate arr;
cards;
Arrival DepartureGates
;
run;
6.sysfunc()用法;
data a;
input group $ number point;
cards;
A 1 85
A 2 66
B 1 69
C 3 55
D 4 24
;
run;
%macro macro_name(group,number,point);
data out_&group.;
group="&group";
number=&number.;
point=&point.;
run;
%mend;
%macro test;
*打开存放参数的数据集;
%let dsid=%sysfunc(open(work.a,i));
%put &dsid; *%put是在日志输出改宏变量的值;
*fetch是为了判断是否读取完数据集记录,若已读完,则返回-1,否则返回0,赋给宏变量rc;
%let rc=%sysfunc(fetch(&dsid));
%do %while(&rc=0);
*trim是去掉字符右边的空格,left是去掉字符左边的空格,getvarc(&dsid,1)是读取数据集的第一列,
读取第二列则为getvarc(&dsid,2),getvarc是针对字符,若该列是数值型的则为getvarn(&dsid,2);
%let group=%sysfunc(trim(%sysfunc(left(%sysfunc(getvarc(&dsid,1))))));
%let number=%sysfunc(trim(%sysfunc(left(%sysfunc(getvarn(&dsid,2))))));
%let point=%sysfunc(trim(%sysfunc(left(%sysfunc(getvarn(&dsid,3))))));
%put &group; %put &number; %put &point;
%macro_name(&group,&number,&point);*将参数传给调用你所需要运行的宏macro_name;
%let rc=%sysfunc(fetch(&dsid)); *同上fetch;
%put &rc;
%end;
%let rc=%sysfunc(close(&dsid)); *关闭数据集;
%put &rc;
%mend;
%test;
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