# 说明：UTF兼容ISO8859-1和ASCII，GB18030兼容GBK，GBK兼容GB2312，GB2312兼容ASCII
CODES = ['UTF-8', 'UTF-16', 'GB18030', 'BIG5']
# UTF-8 BOM前缀字节
UTF_8_BOM = b'\xef\xbb\xbf'
# 获取文件编码类型
def file_encoding(file_path):
"""
获取文件编码类型\n
:param file_path: 文件路径\n
:return: \n
"""
with open(file_path, 'rb') as f:
return string_encoding(f.read())
# 获取字符编码类型
def string_encoding(b: bytes):
"""
获取字符编码类型\n
:param b: 字节数据\n
:return: \n
"""
# 遍历编码类型
for code in CODES:
try:
b.decode(encoding=code)
if 'UTF-8' == code and b.startswith(UTF_8_BOM):
return 'UTF-8-SIG'
return code
except Exception:
continue
return '未知的字符编码类型'
说明：file_encoding方法用于判断文件编码类型，参数为文件路径；string_encoding方法用于判断字符串编码类型，参数为字符串对应的字节数据
