XlsxWriter是一个Python库，使用它可以对excel文件执行多个操作，如创建，编写，算术操作和绘制图形。让我们看看如何使用实时数据绘制不同类型的条形图。

图表由至少一个系列的一个或多个数据点组成。系列本身包含对细胞范围的引用。

要在Excel工作表上绘制图表，首先，创建特定图表类型的图表对象（即条形图，堆积条形图，百分比堆积条形图等）。创建图表对象后，在其中插入数据，最后，在图表对象中添加该图表对象。

# import xlsxwriter module

import xlsxwriter

# Workbook() takes one, non-optional, argument

# which is the filename that we want to create.

workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('chart_bar.xlsx')

# The workbook object is then used to add new

# worksheet via the add_worksheet() method.

worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet()

# Create a new Format object to formats cells

# in worksheets using add_format() method .

# here we create bold format object .

bold = workbook.add_format({'bold': 1})

# create a data list .

headings = ['Number', 'Batch 1', 'Batch 2']

data = [

[2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7],

[80, 80, 100, 60, 50, 100],

[60, 50, 60, 20, 10, 20],

]

# Write a row of data starting from 'A1'

# with bold format .

worksheet.write_row('A1', headings, bold)

# Write a column of data starting from

# 'A2', 'B2', 'C2' respectively .

worksheet.write_column('A2', data[0])

worksheet.write_column('B2', data[1])

worksheet.write_column('C2', data[2])

# Create a chart object that can be added

# to a worksheet using add_chart() method.

# here we create a bar chart object .

chart1 = workbook.add_chart({'type': 'bar'})

# Add a data series to a chart

# using add_series method.

# Configure the first series.

# = Sheet1 !$A$1 is equivalent to ['Sheet1', 0, 0].

chart1.add_series({

'name': '= Sheet1 !$B$1',

'categories': '= Sheet1 !$A$2:$A$7',

'values': '= Sheet1 !$B$2:$B$7',

})

# Configure a second series.

# Note use of alternative syntax to define ranges.

# [sheetname, first_row, first_col, last_row, last_col].

chart1.add_series({

'name': ['Sheet1', 0, 2],

'categories': ['Sheet1', 1, 0, 6, 0],

'values': ['Sheet1', 1, 2, 6, 2],

})

# Add a chart title

chart1.set_title ({'name': 'Results of data analysis'})

# Add x-axis label

chart1.set_x_axis({'name': 'Test number'})

# Add y-axis label

chart1.set_y_axis({'name': 'Data length (mm)'})

# Set an Excel chart style.

chart1.set_style(11)

# add chart to the worksheet

# the top-left corner of a chart

# is anchored to cell E2 .

worksheet.insert_chart('E2', chart1)

# Finally, close the Excel file

# via the close() method.

workbook.close()